Friday, January 27, 2023

Roman Cornelius Celsus (25 BC-AD 50) Medicinal Plants in De Medicina


The renowned medical writer Celsus (25 BC–50 AD) quoted approximately 250 medicinal plants such as aloe, henbane, flax, poppy, pepper, cinnamon, the star gentian, cardamom, false hellebore, etc  

The Roman nobleman Cornelius Celsus (25 BC-AD 50) wrote a general encyclopedia (De Artibus) dealing with several subjects, among which some had medical content (De Medicina), an 8-volume compendium. 

It is the most significant medical document following the Hippocratic writings. In 1443, Pope Nicolas V re-introduced the work of Cornelius Celsus, despite it having been forgotten for several centuries, & it was the 1st medical & surgical book to be printed (AD 1478). 

Up until the 19C, 60 editions were published in Latin as well as numerous translations in European languages, the last of which was a French translation in 1876. While Celsus' work is the best account of Roman medicine as practiced in the 1st century of the Christian era & its influence persisted until the 19C, there is some controversy as to whether Cornelius Celsus himself actually practiced as a surgeon or was an encyclopedist who collected in the Latin language the medical knowledge available at that time.